Trees weakened by leopard moth attacks are more susceptible to damage from other xylophagous pests, such as the goat moth cossus cossus, hornet clearwing moth synanthedon myopaeformis and bark beetles. Efficient masstrapping method as an alternative tactic for. Leopard moth zeuzera pyrina linnaeus, 1761 wingspan 3560 mm. Pheromones for zeuzera pyrina monitoring leopard moth. Chemical and biological control have shown limited efficiency against this pest.
The adults fly during june and july and the larvae feed on the wood of a variety of deciduous trees. Three compounds have been identified in the abdominal tip extracts from the female leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina l. We followed the temporal dynamics by combined lightpheromone trapping over a 10. Pdf the leopard moth zeuzera pyrina in catalonia spain lepidoptera cossidae victor sarto i monteys plant health service. Synthesis of allylic trifluoromethyl ketones and their activity as inhibitors of the sex pheromone of the leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina l.
The caterpillars can be found from august to the following may. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Leopard moth zeuzera pyrina norfolk moths the macro. Zeuzeridae is an important polyphagous pest of a wide range of trees and shrubs across europe. Effect of pheromone trap sizes and colors on capture of leopard. Gasliquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy data showed that e, z2, octadecadien1ol acetate was the main component and that zoctadecen1ol acetate and octadecan1ol acetate were secondary components. Three compounds have been identified in the abdominal tip extracts from the female leopard moth,zeuzera pyrina l. In contrast to the larger goat moth cossus cossus, the caterpillars of the leopard moth do not live in large trunks of old trees, rather in twigs, branches and thin trunks of young trees. This diet improved the yield of adults from neonates and increased the number of matings, compared with an agar pearbark diet. The woolly aphid eriosoma lanigerum can use old larval galleries of z.
Old trees are severely damaged, particularly in periods of drought. The adult moth has a fluffy white body and pale wings span about four to six centimetres with numerous black or blue spots and blotches. Cossidae became high and wide spread in newly established olive. Class insecta, order lepidoptera, family sossidae, genus zeuzera. The adult, which is out in summer, is a highly distinctive species with. Study of female sex pheromone of leopard moth, zeuzera. The moth, which is captured in the trap under attacked trees. Cossidae, is a harmful pest for many fruit trees e. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina, widely distributed insect of the family cossidae order lepidoptera, known particularly for its destructive larva. Wings semitransparent, white, and thickly dotted with distinctly tinged black spots of dark blue cast howard and chittenden 1916. A new, convergent synthesis of e,z2,octadecadienyl acetate 1 and e,z3,octadecadienyl acetate 2, the two key components of the leopard moth zeuzera pyrina, from 2chloromethyltetrahydrofuran in good overall yields and stereomeric purity is reported. In an orchard, located in the old cultivated land, beauveria infected 1. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the. Cossus aesculi leopard moth noctua hypocasstani phalaena aesculi. Last updated on mon, 15 jul 2019 horticulture guide. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title leopard moth. Digital guide to moth identification about viewing options view by region select region. Distributed over the southern half of england and south wales, associated with woodland, gardens and. Kis faronto lepke, kis faragolepke, almafaronto lepke nederlands. The leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina is an important insect of apple, pears, olive, almond in europe, north america, the mediterranean and certain olive growing countries. Guide to insect borers in north american broadleaf trees and shrubs. Cossidae is a serious pest of walnut and apple trees in iran.
Study of female sex pheromone of leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina. Damage on pear sudden wilting of a shoot mined by a leopard moth larva. Maryland biodiversity project wood leopard moth zeuzera. In the current study, an extracellular cellulase belonging to symbiotic bacillus subtilis bc1 of the leopard moth is purified and characterized. Leopard moth control in hazelnut by sexual disruption was assayed in tarragona in 2002 by technicians from both the health vegetables service from the generalitat of catalonia and from several plant protection groups. Species names zeuzera pyrina linnaeus, 1761 aesculi linnaeus, 1767 zeuzera decipiens kirby, 1892. It is a cyclic hexadepsipeptide produced by fungus causing paralysis and death in insects.
Cossidae, which considered a serious pest in olive fields causing a lot of damage and loss in olive trees. The purified cellulase was introduced as a stable enzyme in a wide variety of temperature. The natural epizootic potential of the fungus, beauveria bassiana, against larvae of the leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina l. Wood leopard moth zeuzera pyrina linnaeus, 1761 nonnative synonyms. Recently, it caused serious yield losses in newly established olive orchards in egypt, including the death of young trees. The leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina lepidoptera cossidae, pest of apple trees in girona catalonia, spain, was fought by using the socalled mating disruption technique, which uses the leopard. Seasonality of zeuzera pyrina at palau sator giron a 2002 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50. In hungarian orchards damages caused by the xylophagous european goat moth cossus cossus and the leopard moth zeuzera pyrina lep. Pdf the leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina linnaeus, is a cossid whose larvae bore into the twigs, branches and trunks of several trees and shrubs. In early summer the female lays darkyellow eggs on the bark of the tree. Recently it caused serious losses of apple trees in bulgaria. Both of these species are polyphagous, the larvae of c. Zeuzeridae is an important polyphagous pest of a wide range of trees and shrubs across europe and asia. Pupa in an apple twig in its pupal cell formed by larva into the twig.
They overwinter two or three times as larvae in the stems and branches of trees. Cossidae is a polyphagous insect which attacks a high variety of species with a special incidence in fruit trees such as pear, apple, cherry, loquat, pomegranate, olive and hazelnut trees. Zeuzera pyrina, the leopard moth or wood leopard moth, is a moth of the family cossidae. This is a polyphagous pest of many fruit cultures and foliaceous trees. The synthesis of both components utilizes the common intermediate sulfone 12 as a convenient building block to be. Kingdom animalia phylum arthropoda class insecta order lepidoptera family cossidae genus zeuzera.
Fore and hind wings white, fore ones with numerous darkblue oval spots male wingspan 3645 mm, female wingspan 5070 mm. Destruxin consist of an ahydroxyl acid and five amino acid residues. Lep cossidae using entomopathogenic nematodes in iran mahbobeh ashtari1, javad karimi2, mohammad reza rezapanah3, and mahnaz hassanikakhki2 1azad university of arak, arak, iran. Population dynamics and economic losses caused by zeuzera. Cossidae was investigated under natural conditions in two different locations for two seasons 20152016 and 20162017 in rasheed, behiara governorate, egypt. Cossidae, is a xylophagous species that has become a serious pest in the olive olea spp. Wingspan of females ranges from 62 to 75 mm usda fs 1985. Interaction between the leopard moth borer and olive varieties. The leopard moth zeuzera pyrina in catalonia spain lepidoptera cossidae victor sarto i monteys plant health service. Abstract walnuts produced in the juglans region is among iran s strategic products and the leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina l. Contact individual photographers for permission to use for any purpose. Walnuts produced in the juglans region is among irans strategic products and the leopard moth.
Larva the twig has been opened longitudinally to display the axial gallery and the larva. This moth was introduced from europe into the northeastern united states prior to 1879 and has a range extending from maine to maryland. Synthesis of allylic trifluoromethyl ketones and their. In the last few decades, the population of leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina l. Distributed over the southern half of england and south wales, associated with woodland, gardens and orchards. Leopard moth, agricultural pests control publisher washington, d. A convergent and highly efficient synthesis of e,z2. One of only three species of this family that are found in the british isles. Zeuzera hypocastrina zeuzera leuconotum zeuzera octopunctata zeuzera pirina zeuzera pyrinia leopard moth wood leopard moth apfelbohrer blausieb ro. The leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina linnaeus lepidoptera. On young trees one leopard moth caterpillar is enough to kill a tree.
The larvatoadult period on the experimental diets was 34 months, which is onethird. The adults fly during the night but can sometimes be seen resting during the day on tree trunks. Recently, it caused yield losses in the newly established olive orchards in egypt, including the death of. Cossidae is a worldwidedistributedwoodborer,mainlypresentinthesouthern regions of europe, asia and north africa. Difficulty in chemical application against this caterpillar and special habitats. Leopard moth zeuzera pyrina linnaeus, 1761 butterflies. Pdf the leopard moth zeuzera pyrina in catalonia spain. The efficient control of the leopard moth by direct spraying of infested branches and trees is usually impractical because the larvae feed internally and escape from exposure to the used insecticides. Zp is an invasive pest from europe of increasing significance in north africa, in particular for olive cultivation. Guide to the moths of great britain and ireland englisch. The moth is large, 56 cm across, and is white with black spots. Cossidae, is a damaging pest for many fruit trees e.
Seasonal prevalence and histopathology of beauveria. Leopard moth caterpillar mike ragan sent in a photo of a larva of the leopard moth, zeuzera pyrina, that was boring into a kousa dogwood. Jul 15, 2019 the leopard moth has an unusual life cycle. Institute of environmental science and technology icta at the autonomous university of barcelona. Leopard moth zeuzera pyrina norfolk moths the macro and. Identification of minor component of the sex pheromone of the leopard moth zeuzera pyrina l lepidoptera, cossidae by capillary gas chromatography. Purification and biochemical characterization of alkalophilic.
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